Muscle proportionality: The proportionality of skeletal muscle before and after intervention

Muscle proportionality: The proportionality of skeletal muscle before and after intervention

Background There are many types of intervention that can lead to a change in lean body mass including: hormone replacement therapy, aging, menopause, strength training, aerobic exercise, extreme weight loss interventions (gastric bypass surgery), and starvation. Lean body mass is a metabolically active tissue which is involved in several key functions in the body, including: locomotion, basal m...

Privacy and Proportionality

Equality and Proportionality

Contemporary moral egalitarians hold that all people have equal moral standing and that we deserve this standing in virtue of satisfying some descriptive criterion. These two claims appear to be in tension, however, as none of the proposed criteria are attributes that all people possess equally. Many egalitarians have hoped to eliminate this tension by holding that the descriptive criterion of ...

Affine Transformations, Polynomials, and Proportionality

In the articles [1] and [3], standard tools and techniques of calculus are used to establish a variety of proportionality results concerning areas defined by the lines tangent to a cubic curve, and by the lengths of certain arcs of a parabola, where the arcs themselves are determined by an area-proportionality criterion. We demonstrate here that these results can be viewed as consequences of so...

Proportionality Balancing and Global Constitutionalism